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The Triangle of Pessimism

Personalization, Pervasiveness, and Permanence


Glowing green triangle labeled "The Triangle of Pessimism" on black background; text: Personalization, Pervasiveness, Permanence.

The triangle of Personalization, Pervasiveness, and Permanence defines the core aspects of pessimism, explaining how individuals interpret and internalize negative events. These factors shape how people perceive setbacks and influence their emotional resilience.


  1. Personalization: Personalization occurs when individuals blame themselves for negative events, assuming they are at fault even when external factors play a role. This self-attribution can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, or inadequacy.

  2. Pervasiveness: Pervasiveness reflects the belief that a negative event will affect all areas of life. For example, failure at work may be seen as evidence of failure in relationships or other domains, creating a sense of overwhelming negativity.

  3. Permanence: Permanence is the perception that a negative situation will last indefinitely, preventing hope or recovery. This belief can fuel despair and hinder efforts to move forward.


Understanding personalization, pervasiveness, and permanence helps challenge pessimistic thinking and build resilience against adversity.

 
 
 

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